Strategies For Writing An Essay

Strategies For Writing An Essay Next, copy and paste the APA reference into the reference section of your essay. A simple way to write your reference section is use Google scholar. This is an important feature of quality of communication . Introductions are very important as first impressions count and they can create a halo effect in the mind of the lecturer grading your essay. If you start off well then you are more likely to be forgiven for the odd mistake later one. Highlight the major issues which “lie behind” the question. Self-help learning resources -The HELPS website also provides an online self-study guide to essential academic skills. Remember if you lose your target reader you also lose marks in your assessment. Your introduction should point them in the right direction giving them a clear idea of what is to follow. It must be formatted appropriately and be in alphabetical order. The list should not be included in the word count unless you are instructed to do so by your lecturer as an exception to the rule. It should sum up the arguments of the whole text. If you experience difficulty in writing your conclusion, you can always talk to a HELPS Advisor or one of our volunteers. In most instances, your points should be supported by some form of evidence from your readings or examples drawn from the subject area. You should comment on the implication, significance or impact and finish off the paragraph with a critical deduction that you have drawn from the evidence. It should then contain supporting sentences to explain and develop the point that you are making. It makes a general statement about the issue, topic or area under discussion. academic writing, pronunciation and presentation courses. Designed to fast-track your progress in these skills areas. The reference section is the list of all the sources cited in the essay . Finally, only repeat citations when it is unclear which study / theory you are discussing. Repeating citations unnecessarily disrupts the flow of an essay. When you have finished the first draft of your essay you must check if it 'flows'. Just type the name and date of the psychologist in the search box and click on the 'cite' link. In simple terms every time you cite/refer to a name of a psychologist you need to reference the original source of the information. Ensure that you let the introduction speak for itself. Try to create an introduction that captures the target reader; and don't let the target reader second guess what you’re trying to say. The conclusion summarises the main points of your essay and restates your position. Let the reader know how you will focus your essay by identifying the main themes to be discussed. Identify the subject of the essay and define the key terms. Evidence suggests psychoanalytic therapy works best if the client is motivated and has a positive attitude. They’re always ready to help you if you need assistance at any stage of the writing process. This is where you assemble the evidence of your research and thinking and put forth your arguments. Try to demonstrate to the lecturer that you have an opinion on the subject. It is very important to make your voice transparent throughout your writing.

The Strategic Role of HRD in Supporting High Performance - 275 Words

The Strategic Role of HRD in Supporting High Performance (Essay Sample) Content: The Strategic Role of HRD in Supporting High PerformanceStudents NameInstitutional AffiliationThe Strategic Role of HRD in Supporting High PerformanceIntroductionHuman Resource Management is a fundamental department in every organization since it ensures its success depending on how well it is established. Primarily, organizations with a strategic HRD are more likely to succeed than those that lack the same or have poorly developed one. The human resource department is accountable for several functions with the strategic ones being orientation, promotion of good working conditions, training, development, recruitment and selection, and management of employee relations. Moreover, high performance in organizations refers to the achievement of the set goals and objectives and the realization of the mission and vision. For business organizations, all these amounts to profit making. Principally, this discussion seeks to establish the strategic roles of HR department in supp orting high performance.Human Resource Departments Core ObjectiveThe major objective of HR department is to unleash human potential useful in the accomplishment of a companys vision, mission, and goals (Glover Butler, 2012). HRD is very critical to the success of todays organizations because they use other resources of a company to create competitiveness and realize goals. It is therefore important for an organization to fully comprehend the needs and requirements of its workforce in order to achieve the desired results (Brewester, Sparrow, Vernon. Houldsworth, 2011). Essentially, some of the much-needed outcomes of organizations in overseeing their workforce are cooperation, competence, cooperation, management, motivation, attitude and presence, satisfaction, and commitment among employees and employers. The fundamental mandate of strategic human resource management is to improve business performance mainly through the management of people (Ling Nasurdin, 2011). For the purpos e of achieving the stated goals and objectives, the department is tasked with the responsibility of efficiently and effectively managing its resources.There are seven strategic roles of the HRD that can ensure the performance of an organization is realized. They comprise employment security, extensive training, development of self-managed teams, the selective recruitment of new personnel, and decentralization of decision-making as the basic principle of organizational design, reasonably high compensation contingent on organizational performance (Glover Butler, 2012). Further, there are wide sharing of financial and performance information, broad sharing of performance and budgetary data all through the association, and the decrease of status distinctions and hindrances including dialect, dress code and salary contrasts (Anyim, 2012 ). Before giving a detailed analysis of the strategic role of HRD in supporting high performance, it is important to discuss the relationship between a strategic human resource and high performance in an organization.Relationship Between Strategic HRM and PerformanceIn this section, performance will be measured in terms of the organizational capability to generate revenue. The performance starts with a business strategy which outlines what is to be done for a business to gain revenue and to ensure it is not operating on huge losses and debts (Brewester et al., 2011). Further, the business strategy gives the responsibilities of every individual to oversee equal share of duties and also to reduce cases of incomplete work due to no one being held accountable. Primarily, performance relies on the combination of ability, motivation, and opportunity (Glover Butler, 2012). After the business strategy is crafted, then the human resource strategy is as well-crafted as shown in Figure 1. Before crafting is done, the management takes a detailed look at staff. Besides, the analysis considers their competencies, means of their motivation, and the types of skills and knowledge they possess to know who is fitted for what task (Anyim, 2012 ). The acknowledgment of such a business strategy is realized by joining the workforce opportunities, their desires, and different elements that impact an association externally and internally.Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1: The relationship between strategic HRM and performance (Ling, 2011).Contribution of HRD to Performance ManagementStrategic management of HR speaks to change, which is moderately new in the field of human resource management. An essential part of strategic human resource management is tied in with centering the management of workers as an instrument to increase performance (Brewester et al., 2011). Presently, organizations are made mindful that aspects that can boost performance, such as productivity, quality and financial performance, require effective HR strategies (Nikoloski, Dimitrova, Koleva, Kacarski, 2014). Majorly, it needs to deal with the measurement of res ults on the type of performance accomplished in correlation with the objectives communicated as targets. Likewise, it has to assess the inputs and values which are the knowledge, aptitudes, and practices important to create expected outcomes (Anyim, 2012 ).Further, performance management system needs to work with everyone in an organization and not only the supervisors (Ulrich, Younger, Brockbank, Ulrich, 2012). Doing so, makes every individual feel that he or she is part of an organization which prompts him or her to be goal-oriented. Besides, chiefs are not just in charge of conveying the required performance (Brewester et al., 2011). They ought to have the certainty to convey expert and obligation all through the association. Consequently, it could be said that supervisors need to work together and consider companies as their component individuals with a specific end goal of accomplishing the required performance (Nikoloski et al., 2014). Administrators and their groups are toge ther in charge of the outcomes and are both associated with concurring what they ought to do and how they ought to do it.Principally, performance management forms are a piece of clearing over the association. For this reason, the organizations management and employees need to remain united for the purpose of achieving the goals and objectives set. The achievement of a continuous and adaptable process for employees and the management to work as a single group should be the focus of performance management. Performance management system should concentrate on improvement to a continuous and adaptable process, including employers and all the association that work as a solitary group (Ling Nasurdin, 2011). The reason being, it ought to decide how they can best cooperate to accomplish the required outcomes, making it conceivable to focus on the arrangement of future performance and performance changes (Brewester et al., 2011). Human resource management strategy gives the premise to cust omary discourse and continuity among supervisors and different workers about performance needs and further advancement of the association.Role of HRD in Managing EmployeesAccording to Albrecht, Bakker, Gruman, Macey, and Saks (2015), there is a need for an effective engagement of employee and management in performance. An incoming manager should ensure that he or she assists employees for them to attain a high performance and engagement level. Essentially, this will be actualized when there are good socialization practices. The process of socialization fosters the need and the imperative of engaging employees (Albrecht et al., 2015). An incoming manager should ensure that workers are socialized successfully into their organization roles. Largely, this is owed to the fact that every manager more often than not comes with his or her human resource management which disrupts the setting to which people were used in the workplace (Ulrich et al., 2012). Managers should, therefore, underst and that management of performance among organizational workers is a process that is ongoing (Anyim, 2012 ). The major issues in this HR management process are based on various activities that are aimed at ensuring the achievement of organizational goals.Development practices, learning, and human resource training are key to successful management of w...

Describe and Discuss One or More Explanations of Divided...

Divided attention refers to the ability to divide ones attention between two or more tasks. The focused attention models explain how all our inputs are focused on one task at any one time, however it is clear from looking at everyday life that we are able to divide our attention, successfully being able to complete more than one task at the same time. There are two main explanations of divided attention, one is the modular theories and the one I will be focusing on; the capacity model by Kanheman. Kanheman (1973) put forward the capacity/resource allocation model of attention. This is one of the best known models and suggests that humans have a limited amount of processing capacity and whether two or more tasks can be performed together†¦show more content†¦Underwood can account for this in his findings, as he carried out an attention tasks on participants with one group having practised the task, so the skilled participants and another group who had not practiced the task. He found that the experienced shadowers recalled a great deal more from the unattended channel than inexperienced ones. In addition arousal is seen as very important in determining how much capacity is available. When one is alert and aroused, it has been found that more resources are available meaning that attention can be divided between two tasks, however when we become tired, less resource availability makes the capacity needed to complete a simple task more, making it less likely that we can divide our attention. Kanheman believes that the central processor allocation policy controls the whole attention system by flexibly allocating attentional resources to various tasks. The central processor has a limited pool of attention resources. Kanheman calls the process of determining how much capacity is available effort and this effort is involved in how the capacity is allocated. If the overall effort required exceeds that of the limited capacity of the central processor, so the overall demands on the central processor are too large then it must decide which task is the most important, and must disregard the less important task. It is in this decision making process where theShow MoreRelatedTask-1. 1.1Identify What Type Of Organization Is Primark1178 Words   |  5 PagesTask-1 1.1 Identify what type of organization is Primark and discuss its purpose. In addition identify and discuss the purpose of one organization within the following categories The purpose of an organization is not the response to the interrogation; what can you do? And which systematically concentrates on commodity, work and customized. 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The Workplace Conflict Of The Volunteer - 870 Words

A workplace conflict that I am experiencing has to deal with a titled volunteer who is not performing their job functions satisfactory to the organization s goals. This particular position is responsible for the financial transactions of the organization. Things that they are needed to do is to pay bills, report on time and other financial activities. When the volunteer was communicated with they responded with an extremely caustic attitude and shortness. In addition, the volunteer has refused to return phone calls of the organization and does not follow organizational procedures. On the last occasion that I communicated with the volunteer regarding needing a copy of the financial report their response was, I ll get it to you if I can! Needless to say once this situation was brought to the attention of the board and they approached her about data that was needed they determined that the volunteer is not a team player. Impacts that Cultural Norms may have on the Conflict Studies have revealed that organizational communication among other elements impact how a person understands and manages conflict (Alhassan, M. A., Zulkipli, G., Nizam Isha, A. S., 2014). This has a significant impact on the effectiveness of an organization. Goswami Goswami list the first element of organizational structure as effective communication, followed by effective coordination, speed responsiveness to the customer internally and externally as well as empowerment of the employees through theShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Telus Communication Company Ensure High Quality Service? Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization admit that a contributing factor to the achievement of this goal is by providing an approach for conflict resolution. This also provides the workplace with a process for continual improvement to ensure high-quality service to customers. 2. 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International Business and Comparative Strategies Theories

Question: Discuss about the International Business and Comparative Strategies Theories. Answer: Introduction This section of the study deals with the existing theories and models of international business. The section is divided into three parts. In the first part, the discussion has been carried on the competitive strategies taken by the companies for international business. In the second part, the evaluation is made on different international business models and in the third part, the discussion made on the key factors and theories of international business and management. Literature on Best International Business and Competitive Strategy Competitive advantage, in the context of the business framework, helps a business to sustain in the competitive market (Dunning, 2015). The competitive advantage in the international context not only creates a sustainable position for the business organization, rather the business organization gains a relatively attractive position in the market. According to Beamish and Lupton (2016), in the international business context there are two generic approaches to competitive advantage. The approaches are generic approaches, but fundamentally, these two approaches are very different from each other. The two approaches are the cost strategy and the differentiation competitive strategy. According to this particular thesis, if one wants to combine both the thesis then they could not do that. Combining both these strategies is impossible. If the business organization or the firm adopts the cost strategy then, the firm has to make sure that they retain certain standard for the product that is being produced by the organization (Grant, 2016). The organizations adopting the differentiation strategy at times find it difficult to maintain a low and at the same time, find it difficult to compete with other firms, who are producing standardize goods. The changes that have been there in the international business market are rapid changes and the changes are taking place, much after Porter has come up with his theory (Meyer Peng, 2016). The recent studies on the competitive strategy, reveals the fact that there should be a combination of both the strategy. According to the recent studies, combing both the approaches is not at all impossible, but rather it is feasible. If both these approaches can be combined together then the business organization could easily survive and sustain in the complex and the competitive market. The combination of both the strategy is referred as the hybrid strategy and it is opposed to the pure strategy that was propounded by Porter (Cantwell, 2015). According to the recent studies that have been conducted the hybrid strategy, address the needs of the customer in a better way. According to researchers, the hybrid strategy not only addresses the needs of the customer in a better rather to be more precise it addresses the needs of the customers in appropriate way. According to the present studies if organizations are adopting the hybrid strategies, then one should have this fact in their mind that this particular strategy is difficult to imitate. In case of the organizations operating in the foreign markets, the organizations have to be very careful about choosing the competitive strategy (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). The competitive strategy that they will choose could be treated as a vehicle that will help the organization gain a position in the international business market. The strategy that the company will choose will help the organization to gain financial return from the competitive market at the same time. Therefore, in the international market, choosing the competitive strategy is very important and the organizations have to be very careful while choosing it. Review Industry Best Practice Models Where Available In the present business world, the best way of business expansion is involving in international business (Zander, McDougall-Covin Rose, 2015). Most of the large business organizations in different countries are applying different models of international business in order to expand the business at the international level. The most popular models of international business and management are as under: Franchising Joint venture Merger and acquisition Turnkey All of the models of international business are very effective in current business scenario. All of the models are discussed below: Franchising: This model of international business is very common and old model. This particular model originated in North America and became very popular for rapid expansion of market or business. This particular business model is very much effective for the businesses, which deal with the products or services that can be transfer easily. According to Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes (2015), franchising is such a business technique in which the franchisor (who is the actual owner of the business and has trademark on the products or service) allows the franchisee (who operates the business in the other country or place on behalf of the franchisor) to distribute and sale the products of the franchisor by using the trademark. Grber and Petersen (2016) noted that the success of the franchising business model depends on the efficiency and success of the franchisee because franchisee is the person, who directly deals with the business in the foreign countries. Buckley (2016) mentioned that many giant business organizations especially from the fast food industry opted for this particular business model for expanding the business in the international market. For example, McDonalds has expanded its business in different foreign countries by adopting the franchising model. In the same way, Starbucks has also expanded its business in different countries. Joint Venture: Joint venture is another common international business model adopted by different business entities. In the words of Jackson and Srensen (2016), joint venture is a business model, in which two or more investors enjoy the business ownership as well as control over the business operations. Tallman and Pedersen (2016) stated that the major advantage of this particular business model is sharing of the business risk. As there are two or more business ownerships, the risks are also shared by both of the owners. At the same time, the model also helps to achieve the financial strengths of the organization. However, Chaney (2016) commented that the owners of the business do not have direct control over the management of the business and sometimes it becomes very difficult to recover the capital from the business. On the other side, Buckley (2016) stated that there are many companies, which have achieved tremendous success by adopting the joint venture business model. For example, virgin mobile expanded its business in India by involving in joint venture with Tata Teleservices. Another most popular joint venture happened between Sony and Ericsson, through which both the companies expanded the mobile communication business in different countries. Merger and acquisition: In this particular business model, two business organization merge together to gain some market and operational advantages in the business. Mellahi and Frynas (2015) believed that merger and acquisitions is the strongest model of business expansion or globalization. This business model was very popular from 1980 to 2000. Radebaugh, Sullivan and Daniels (2015) mentioned that the companies can minimize their risks by adopting the merger acquisition business model. At the same time, Coviello (2015) opined that companies can enhance the market power by applying merger and acquisition business model. For example, Facebook has increased its market coverage and power by acquiring Whatsapp. Similarly, Microsoft and Nokia merged together to gain competitive advantage in the international market. Turnkey: Turnkey is also very common model of international business. Chaney (2016) mentioned that turnkey is such a business model in which the business is in such a condition that allows immediate action or operation of the business. Grant (2016) stated that turnkey business model is generally adopted by the real estate business organizations. For example, MB Haynes has adopted the turnkey business model in order to reach its business expansion to the higher extent. Therefore, from the above discussion it can be said that there are different effective international business models that helped the business organizations to strengthen their market grip. Most of the big business organizations have adopted these four international business models. There are some negative points in the business models. However, the advantages are more, which have made the models more profitable for the companies. Conceptual Model of the Key factors or Theories The above discussion has cleared out that the concept and models of international business have several advantages that help the companies to improve and enhance their market positions. However, Cantwell (2015) argued that the effectiveness of the international business models is largely dependent on the two types of factors internal factors and external factors. The key factors of international business are discussed below: Internal factors: There are different internal factors that affect the performance of an international business organization. The factors are business location, product or service quality, price of the products or services, types and quality of labour and land (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). If the company expand its business in such a location where demand for its product is less, no business model will be effective. In the same way, if the quality of the product and services is low and price is high, then the customers will never agree to purchase the product or service. The implementation of the business model depends on the effectiveness or quality of the labourer (Morschett, Schramm-Klein Zentes, 2015). If the labourers are unskilled or less knowledgeable, then the business models cannot be implemented successfully. External factors: The external factors that affect the international business or the companies are political situation, social condition, technological advancement, economic situation and legal boundaries. In order to expand a business in the foreign country, it is very important that the foreign is politically stable. At the same time, is the legal boundaries are less then it becomes easier to expand the business in the international market. For example, after passing the FDI policies and regulations, many companies in USA and UK have expanded their business in India (Dunning, 2015). On the other side, technological advancement influences the international business. If a country is technologically advanced then more business organizations become interested to expand their business in that country (Mellahi Frynas, 2015). For example, Tata Motors merged with Jaguar Landover in order to expand its business in technologically advanced country that is UK. Apart from these factors, the international business of the companies also depends on the economic and social conditions of the countries. If the economic condition is stable and there is growth in the economy of a country, then it is profitable to expand the business in that country (Coviello, 2015). On the other side, while expanding the business in some foreign country, it is essential to identify whether the products and services of the company matches with the social culture of the country or not. For example, Standard Chartered changed some of its policies related to the interests on the deposit or investment, when it expanded its business in Pakistan because as per Islamic banking, interest is prohibited (Cantwell, 2015). However, in order to operate the international business properly, the business organizations have followed some theories of international business and management. Some of these theories are absolute advantage theory and comparative advantage theory. Absolute advantage theory was developed by Adam Smith in the year 1976 and this theory suggests that a company or country gets involved in the international business only when it gains absolute advantage in production (Grber Petersen, 2016). However, as per the comparative advantage theory, a company takes part in international business if it gains comparatively higher advantage in production (Meyer Peng, 2016). Therefore, the theories provide the idea of how and when the international business should be done by the companies. Summary In this study, it has been identified that international business is one of the lucrative way to expand the business. The study has determined that in order to sustain in the competitive market, the business firms adopt the competitive strategies. On the other side, it has also been found out that there are several business models for international business and management. The business models are franchising, joint venture, merger and acquisition and turnkey. At the same time, the international business of a company also depends on various internal and external factors. Along with that, there are some theories that help the companies to conduct the international business successfully. Reference list: Beamish, P. W., Lupton, N. C. (2016). Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions.Journal of World Business,51(1), 163-175. Buckley, P. J. (2016). The contribution of internalisation theory to international business: New realities and unanswered questions.Journal of World Business,51(1), 74-82. Cantwell, J. (2015). An introduction to the eclectic paradigm as a meta-framework for the cross-disciplinary analysis of international business. InThe Eclectic Paradigm(pp. 1-22). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Chaney, T. (2016). Networks in international trade. InThe Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks. Coviello, N. (2015). Re-thinking research on born globals.Journal of International Business Studies,46(1), 17-26. Dunning, J. H. (2015). Reappraising the eclectic paradigm in an age of alliance capitalism. InThe Eclectic Paradigm(pp. 111-142). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Fleisher, C. S., Bensoussan, B. E. (2015).Business and competitive analysis: effective application of new and classic methods. FT Press. Grber, L., Petersen, B. (2016). International Business Theories (October 2012) Faculty.world. Grant, R. M. (2016).Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Jackson, R., Srensen, G. (2016).Introduction to international relations: theories and approaches. Oxford University Press. Mellahi, K., Frynas, G. (2015).Global strategic management. Oxford University Press. Meyer, K., Peng, M. (2016).International business. Cengage Learning. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H., Zentes, J. (2015).Strategic international management. Springer. Radebaugh, L. H., Sullivan, D. P., Daniels, J. D. (2015).International business: Environments and operations. Pearson Education. Tallman, S., Pedersen, T. (2016). 31. Publishing in top international business and management journals.How to get Published in the Best Management Journals, 262. Zander, I., McDougall-Covin, P., Rose, E. L. (2015). Born globals and international business: Evolution of a field of research.Journal of International Business Studies,46(1), 27-35.

Federal Versus State/Local Gov Essay Example

Federal Versus State/Local Gov Essay Throughout the Civil Rights Movement, the federal and southern state/local government battled each other on many issues.When the federal government set mandates, often times the southern state/local government had much resistance with complying.The southern state/local government opposed the Civil Rights Movement by non-compliance to federal mandates, refusal to provide adequate protection to civil rights protesters and the abuse of civil rights protesters. There were many situations when the state/local government hindered the flow of the Civil Rights Movement.Instances where the local police force did not do their job occurred.The police force was a branch of the local government and the local polices duty was to protect and serve the community.This oath to serve and protect all did not apply to African Americans.During times of protest, either African Americans received much abuse from police officers or the police officers stood around and watched African Americans be beaten.Dur ing the freedom rides, the local government fought against the protests while the federal government protected not necessarily the cause but the citizens involved.Mobs of people attacked the Freedom Riders meanwhile the local government did nothing to protect the riders.They actually encouraged the mobs to beat the Freedom Riders by turning the other cheek when it came to stopping the mobs.Not a single police officer was in sight when the riders arrived in Montgomery, Alabama.As a result of this lackadaisical attitude to protect the riders, Robert Kennedy had federal marshals sent into Montgomery .Despite the protection in Montgomery, the Freedom Riders had a much different experience when they entered Mississippi.Local police officers arrested and jailed many of the Freedom Riders subsequently ending their freedom ride.This was an example of how local government hindered the Civil Rights Movement.The Freedo

The Man Of Steel essays

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